Theoretical foundations of freeing ships from heavy ice conditions

The topic of the study is to prevent damage ships hulls when sailing in polar waters severe ice conditions, which a dangerous situation that threatens environmental pollution and possible death vessel, its passengers crew. It noted intensive development navigation Arctic regions Russian Federation other requires improvement methods for freeing trapped heavy ice. Navigation vessels conditions accompanied by significant difficulties dangers This can be significantly aggravated if, at certain stage begins move, leading compression channel vessel located. At same time, risk hull destruction, creation water leakage crew increases, as well occurs. theoretical foundations from based on principles rocking pushing, cutting ice, clamping have proven their effectiveness fields science technology, are discussed paper. use theory apparatus experience ice-breaking assistance make it substantiate possibility effective application rocking, pushing chopping release caught conditions. using combinations operation ballast system, cargo booms cranes, special actions interaction with icebreakers increasing efficiency shown. materials paper used develop practical recommendations independently vessels.